• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a concave (21) for a combine harvester (10), with lateral cheeks (64) between which there are strips (68) of a first type in an entrance area (72) of the concave (21) and in a downstream area Entrance area (72) lying, second area (74) extend strips (70) of a second type. It is proposed that adjacent strips (68) of the first area (72) are further apart from each other and from the immediately following strip (70) of the second area (74) than the respectively adjacent strips (70) of the second area (74) from each other are spaced.
    公开号:BE1021654B1
    申请号:E2012/0804
    申请日:2012-11-28
    公开日:2015-12-22
    发明作者:Benedikt Poelling
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Concave for a combine description
    The invention relates to a thresher basket for a combine harvester, with lateral cheeks between which strips of a first type extend in an entrance area of the concave and strips of a second type lie in a second area located downstream of the entrance area and through the strips of the second type extending through basket wires.
    State of the art
    In the case of harvesters, a process of separating the harvested crop between the fruit (comm) and the crop residue is carried out, in which the crop is first threshed and the threshed crop is subsequently subjected to a separation process. The crop parts separated during threshing and in the separating process are subsequently freed of unwanted coffee and micro-dry parts in a cleaning device. In threshing and hybrid threshing (see EP 1 733 610 A1), the threshing is carried out in a tangential threshing unit, to which straw shakers or one or two axial separating drums are connected for the separation process. In Axialmåhdreschern the threshing and separating process by means of a single Axialdresch- and -trenntrommel. In the cleaning device, the separated crop portions are directed to reciprocating screens and subjected to an air flow.
    The maximum throughput of the combine harvester is currently limited by the capacity of the separator, because if the throughput is too high, the losses, i. the amount of discharged at the end of the separator on the field, not separated from the crop grains in an undesirably high amount of. It would therefore be desirable to increase the proportion of grains already deposited in the process of threshing in order to reduce the stress on the separator with grain and thus the losses of the separator. However, previous concaves (see DE 20 37 658 A1, EP 1 197 136 A1, US Pat. No. 2 457 259 A or EP 0 513 574 A1) aim to deposit only grains, which limits their selectivity and to the undesirably high loading of the separating means with grains leads.
    Aufaabe the Erfinduna
    The object underlying the invention is seen in the Durchlarsigkeit a threshing concave, so that the admission of the separator of a combine harvester with Körnem and thus their losses can be reduced. Lösunq
    This object is achieved according to the invention by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A thresher basket for a combine harvester comprises lateral cheeks between which strips of a first type extend in an entrance area of the concave and strips of a second type are located in a second area located downstream of the entrance area. Adjacent bars of the first area are farther from each other and spaced from the immediately succeeding bar of the second area than the respective adjacent bars of the second area are spaced from each other.
    Accordingly, the strips of the first type arranged in the entrance area of the concave form substantially larger spaces than the strips of the second type positioned downstream of the entrance area in the second area of the concave. As a result, it is achieved that not only grains but also whole ears are deposited in the entrance area of the thresher basket, while in the second area of the concave, in the main, grains are deposited in a manner known per se. As a result, the concave according to the invention allows a greater selectivity, i. More ears and grains are separated from the incoming crop stream than in previous threshing baskets. As a result, the separating device arranged downstream of the threshing device is charged with fewer grains and ears, which reduces their losses or increases their capacity for given losses.
    Preferably, no basket wires are provided between the strips of the first type, although it would also be possible to arrange basket wires there. By the strips of the second type, however, preferably basket wires extend through.
    In a preferred embodiment, the strips of the first type comprise a first leg, approximately tangential to the inner edge of the cheeks (and thus to the outer circle of the threshing drum), at an angle to the inner edge of the cheeks (and thus the outer circle of the threshing drum) in Gutflussrichtung is employed in ascending to the inside. This achieves the desired separation of the whole ears from the threshed crop stream, as well as directing the crop over the subsequent clearance.
    Furthermore, the strips of the first type may comprise a second leg extending obliquely forward and downward in the rearward region of the strips. The two legs preferably enclose an acute angle.
    The threshing basket proposed here is particularly suitable for use in a combine harvester with an inclined conveyor, a threshing device arranged downstream of the inclined conveyor with a threshing drum (tangential or axial) and a concave according to the invention and a cleaning device for cleaning the crop portions separated by the concave, wherein between the concave and the cleaning device is arranged a Nachdrescheinrichtung for re-threshing the separated by the concave Emtegutanteile. In this way it is achieved that the cleaning device (and thus finally also the tailings) is not overloaded with unmanageable ears. The whole ears formed in the thresher basket according to the invention, which are wider than hitherto usual, are adequately threshed in the inventive thresher mechanism by their mechanical action and also in cooperation with the free grains already deposited in the threshing device.
    Ausführunasbeispiel
    In the drawings, three embodiments of the invention described in more detail below are shown. It shows:
    1 is a schematic side view of a combine harvester,
    2 is a side view of the threshing drum and threshing concave of the combine harvester of FIG. 1, FIG.
    3 is a perspective view of the concave of Figure 2,
    4 is a perspective view of a conveyor with a first embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung,
    5 is a perspective view of the conveyor of Figure 4 with the following screens of the cleaning device,
    6 is a perspective view of a conveyor with a second embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung, and
    7 shows a side view of a third embodiment of a Nachdrescheinrichtung.
    1 shows a self-propelled harvester 10 with a frame 12, which is supported on Ràder 14 on the ground and is moved away from them. The wheels 14 are rotated by means not shown drive means in rotation to the combine 10 z. B. to move over a abzuemtendes field.
    Attached to the front end portion of the combine harvester 10 is a crop gathering device 16 in the form of a cutter to harvest crop from the field and feed it up and down by a skid conveyor 18 to a threshing and separating device. The threshing and separating device comprises a transversely arranged (tangential) threshing drum 20 and a concave 21 associated therewith, to which the harvested crop is first fed. However, it is also conceivable to replace the threshing cylinder 20 by a multi-drum threshing mechanism or to omit it and to use an axial separator which has a threshing section and a separating section. It can be a single Axialabscheider or two (or more) juxtaposed Axialabscheider use. A stripper roller 23 and a turning drum 22 together with a Zuführgehâuse lead the threshed crop from the threshing cylinder 20 and the concave 21 of the separator 24 in the form of an axial separator, instead of which could also occur a straw walker. The separating device 24 is driven on its rear side by a gearbox 26, which connects it to an internal combustion engine 48 in a driving manner. As separator 24 and a straw shaker could be used. In the following, all directions, such as from, behind, relate above and below to the forward direction of travel V of the combine 10.
    Grain components (mainly ears, grains and chaff), which are deposited during the threshing operation, are deposited on at least one conveyor 30, which feeds them to a preliminary screen 33. Erntegutanteile, however, the leak from the separator 24, tallen on a shaking tray 32, which leads them to the passing on the preliminary screen 33. The Vorsieb 33 are the Emtegutanteile on to a cleaning device 34 with superimposed screens 52. The cleaning device 34 is a Radialgebläse 36 associated with the Vorsieb 33 and the wires 52, which are all put in a swinging motion, applied to an air flow, to to assist the separation of the chaff from the grain. Purified com is fed by means of a grain screw 38 to an elevator, not shown, which transports it into a grain tank 40. A tailing auger 42 feeds unmanaged ear parts back into the threshing process through another elevator, not shown, be it threshing drum 20, a separate reamer (not shown, but see EP 2 055 178 A2) or one or more of the later described threshers 82. The chaff may be ejected at the rear of the cleaner 34 by a rotating chaff spreader, or it may be fed to a straw chopper (not shown) for distribution across the field. The cleaned grain from the comm tank 40 can be discharged through a discharge system with cross augers 44 and a discharge conveyor 46.
    Said systems are driven by an internal combustion engine 48 and controlled and controlled by an operator from a driver's cab 50. The various devices for threshing, conveying, cleaning and separating are located within the frame 12. Outside the frame 12 is a
    Outer shell, which can be opened for the most part. From the separator 24, threshed crop debris (straw) is ejected downwardly through an outlet 65 at the bottom of the rearward end of the rearwardly closed housing of the separator 24. *** " They can be fed to a straw chopper (not shown).
    FIGS. 2 and 3 show the threshing cylinder 20 and concave 21. The threshing drum 20 is of conventional construction and comprises circumferentially distributed, axially extending driver elements 66 which are designed as blow bars. The concave 21 comprises lateral cheeks 64, between which two different types of strips 68, 70 extend in relation to the threshing cylinder 20 axial direction. The first type of ledge 68 is present only in the front entrance area 72 of the concave 21, while the second type of ledge 70 is provided only in the rear area 74 of the concave 21. The strips 68 of the first type are each angularly formed and comprise a first, approximately tangential to the envelope of the driver elements 66 of the threshing cylinder 20 extending leg 76, which, however, approaches this tangent at an angle α in the direction of rotation of the threshing drum 20 of the envelope, and a second leg 78 extending below the first leg 76 at an acute angle oblàg forward and down. The first leg 76 thus extends approximately tangentially to the inner edge of the cheeks 64, but is opposite to the inner edge of the cheeks 64 at the angle α in the crop flow direction turned upwards inwardly. The second leg 78 extends obliquely forward and downward in the rear region of the strips 68 and encloses the mentioned, acute angle with the first leg. By the angle α, it is achieved that the crop is accelerated by the first leg 76 in the direction of the threshing cylinder 20. The crop thus moves in free flight over the openings between the strips 68 of the first type. During this phase of flight, the crop is hit by the driver elements 66 of the threshing cylinder 22 and the ears are thrown through the openings between the strips 68 and pass to the conveyor 30.
    The strips 70 of the second type, however, are conventional design, rectangular cross-section and extend approximately radially to the threshing cylinder 20. Through the strips 70 curved Korbdrаhte 80 extend in the circumferential direction. There are no cage wires between the bars 68 of the first type.
    The strips 68 of the first type are substantially farther apart from each other and spaced from the first strip 70 of the second type than the strips 70 of the second type are spaced apart. As a result, it is achieved that not only grain is separated by the strips 68 of the first type, as is done by the strips of the second type 70, but also a considerable proportion of whole ears are deposited, as indicated in the drawing in FIG. 2. In Figures 2 and 3, the concave 21 comprises a total of two strips 68 of the first type. It could also be provided three or four strips 68, depending on the diameter of the threshing drum 20, but not more than four strips 68 are required in the rule.
    Figures 4 and 5 show enlarged views of the conveyor 30 with associated Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82. The conveyor 30 comprises a number of juxtaposed augers 83 with parallel to the forward direction V extending, but rearwardly increasing axes of rotation, at the rear discharge ends respectively coaxial with the screw conveyor 83rd a Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is arranged. The augers 83 are driven from the front or rear. The Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82 each comprise a frusto-conical, in the direction of Gutflussrichtung widening body 84 to which a plurality of protruding threshing elements 86 are mounted, as they are commonly used on Axialtrennvorrichtungen (see EP 1 500 323 A2). The threshing elements 86 are composed of a fastening section which is screwed to the body 84 and friction strips protruding outward therefrom. A housing 88, which encloses the conveyor 30 at the bottom, likewise widens in a truncated-cone-shaped region 90 in a region 90 located below the dethreading device 82, where it is provided with threshing strips 92 and closed regions 94 lying between them. The threshing bars 92 extend transversely to the conveying direction, although it would also be possible to angle them with a slope with respect to the conveying direction. A spring 96 disposed between the core of the auger 83 and the body 84 of the dethruster 82 biases the body 84 forward so that it can deflect rearward against the force of the spring 96. Frozen from the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 and promoted by the conveyor 30, free grains fall at the outlet at the back
    However, it would also be possible to replace the closed areas by openings analogous to a threshing concave.
    The mode of operation of the combine harvester 10 is therefore such that entire ears and, to a certain extent, individual ears are deposited in the front entrance area 72 of the concave 21, whereas in the rear area 74 of the concave 21 only grains are separated. This reduces the stress on separator 24 with grains, thus also reducing their grain losses and increasing their possible throughput at a given loss level. The ears are fed by the conveyor 30 to the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 and threshed by the latter a second time, so that the Vorsieb 33 Finally (almost) only threshed grains, but only little or no more ears are supplied in the case of larger Gutdurchsâtze or recorded stones allows the spring 96 to the body 84 backward, which increases the threshing selbsttatig and prevents blockages and damage.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the regions 90 of the housing 88 that lie below the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 are not conical, but cylindrical. This also applies to obéré covers 98 of the Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82, which are articulated by hinges 100 hinged and openable on the housing 88. Such obéré covers 98, but conically analogous to the lower portions 90 of the housing 88 of Figure 5, are preferably also used in the embodiment of Figure 5. However, the actual conveyor 30 with the coils 83 are not covered at the top. The operation of the Nachdrescheinrichtungen 82 of Figure 6 is similar to that of Figure 5.
    In the third embodiment of Figure 7 is a Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 between the Tangentialdrescheinrichtung with threshing drum 20 and concave 21 on the one hand and a conventional conveyor 30 on the other. The Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is thus below the threshing concave 21 and erhâlt only in the first region 72 of the concave 21 deposited Emtegut, which also includes unmanageable ears. The Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 is as
    Tangentialdreschwerk equipped with a threshing cylinder 102 with horizontal and transversely oriented to the forward direction of rotation axes and one to the threshing drum 102 fitting friction bottom 104, which preferably has friction strips 106 to provide a relative speed between the friction bottom 104 and the threshing drum 102 and to achieve the desired threshing action. The Emtegut threshed by the Nachdrescheinrichtung 82 reaches the conveyor 30 and from there to the cleaning device 34th
    It should also be noted that by means of a suitable conveyor, it would be possible to feed the tailings from tailing auger 42 directly (i.e., without processing by a separate reamer, cf EP 2 055 178 A2 or threshing drum 20) to the threshers 82 of all illustrated embodiments. This saves you the Nachdrescher and relieves the threshing cylinder 20th
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    A thresher basket (21) for a combine harvester (10), with lateral cheeks (64) between which are located in an entrance area (72) of the concave (21) strips (68) of a first type and in a downstream of the entrance area (72). extending second portion (74) of strips (70) of a second type, characterized in that adjacent strips (68) of the first portion (72) are further apart from each other and from the immediately following strip (70) of the second portion (74) as the respective adjacent strips (70) of the second region (74) are spaced from each other.
    [2]
    2. concave (21) according to claim 1, characterized in that no basket wires are provided between the strips (68) of the first type.
    [3]
    3. concave (21) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that extend through the strips (70) of the second type Korbdráhte (80) therethrough.
    [4]
    A concave (21) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the strips (68) of the first type comprise a first leg (76) extending approximately tangentially to the inner edge of the cheeks (64), opposite to the first leg inner edge of the cheeks (64) at an angle (a) in the direction of crop flow is made inwardly increasing.
    [5]
    A concave according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the strips (68) of the first type comprise a second leg (78) extending obliquely downwards and downwards in the rearward region of the strips (68).
    [6]
    6. concave according to claim 4, when appended to claim 4, characterized in that the first leg (76) and the second leg (78) include an acute angle.
    [7]
    7. combine harvester (10) with a Schragförderer (18), a downstream of the Schräg Promoter arranged threshing with a threshing drum (20) and a concave (21) according to any one of the preceding claims.
    [8]
    8. combine harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that between the concave (21) and a cleaning device (34) for cleaning the threshing (21) separated Erntegutanteile Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) for re-threshing the through the concave (21) deposited Erntegutanteile is arranged.
    [9]
    9. combine harvester (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the Nachdrescheinrichtung (82) directly with Matériel by a reverse auger (42) can be acted upon.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1442649B1|2006-06-07|Combine and straw chopper
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    DE2433948A1|1975-02-06|HARVESTING AND THRESHING MACHINE
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    EP1354508B1|2007-06-06|Axial flow rotary separator with guide rail
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    EP2036425B2|2014-10-29|Concave assembly for a combine harvester
    EP2848113B1|2017-05-17|Cleaning device for a combine
    DE102015116655A1|2017-04-06|Harvester
    EP3420803B1|2020-07-29|Threshing or separating concave for grain harvesting
    EP1495668B1|2007-01-24|Axial flow separator device
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    EP3369301B1|2021-02-24|Agricultural harvester
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102011088546A1|2013-06-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2037658A1|1969-07-30|1971-03-18|Clayson N V , Zedelgem |Harvester|
    EP0516894A1|1991-06-04|1992-12-09|New Holland Belgium N.V.|Threshing drum with two-part concave|
    EP1197136A1|2000-09-15|2002-04-17|Case Harvesting Systems GmbH|Concave for combine|
    EP2327290A2|2009-11-30|2011-06-01|Deere & Company|Concave for a tangential threshing unit|
    US2457259A|1944-11-13|1948-12-28|Fred M Moll|Disappearing tooth bars for concaves|
    DE4116354C2|1991-05-18|1994-06-16|Deere & Co|Concave|
    US7059960B2|2003-07-24|2006-06-13|Deere & Company|Composite threshing element for a combine rotor|
    DE102005027726A1|2005-06-16|2007-01-11|Deere & Company, Moline|Radial fan for a cleaning device for a combine harvester|
    US7934982B2|2007-10-31|2011-05-03|Deere & Company|Tailings rethresher mechanical delivery to return pan|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2011088546.3|2011-12-14|
    DE102011088546A|DE102011088546A1|2011-12-14|2011-12-14|Threshing concave assembly of combine harvester, has bars that are arranged in front portion and rear portion respectively, and are extended on side wall in axial direction|
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